Characterization and Immune Targeting of a Novel Tumor
نویسندگان
چکیده
In order to generate and monitor effective and specific immune responses against tumors, a clear understanding of relevant tumor antigens and their derivative epitopes recognized by T lymphocytes is warranted. The characterization of tumor antigen epitopes recognized by T lymphocytes has been a major focus of study over the past decade. Both CD8+ and CD4+ T lymphocytes contribute to the immune response against tumors, and the determination of the epitopes they recognize is necessary for their incorporation into immunotherapy protocols for cancer. The tumor antigens recognized by T lymphocytes fall into 3 major categories: Tumorspecific (TSA), Cancer Testis (CT), and Tumor Associated Antigens (TAA). Our goal in the following studies was to characterize a novel TAA, EphA2, since this protein has been linked to metastasis in numerous cancer settings. The definition of epitopes seen by T lymphocytes will assist in vaccine strategies for immunotherapy protocols against EphA2+ tumors. In the following studies, I have defined 8 novel EphA2 T cell epitopes (5 HLA-A2 restricted and 3 HLA-DR4 restricted) recognized by CD8+ and CD4+ T lymphocytes, respectively. The anti-EphA2 CD4+ functional response was skewed based on the presence of disease or increased staging of RCC disease, with patients with active disease exhibiting a Th2-biased CD4+ response. I have also linked the expression of EphA2 in primary RCC tumors to the time to recurrence in patients affected with RCC.
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